A new primer in Nature Reviews Methods Primers introduces agentic AI systems as a method to structure scientific research workflows. The article describes how these systems use natural language interfaces to coordinate literature search, simulations, and automated experiments. It covers foundational concepts like task decomposition, memory, and tool use, distinguishing between single-agent and multi-agent designs. The authors also address evaluation methods and key bottlenecks such as hallucination and safety risks. This framework aims to transform scientific discovery from isolated tasks into continuous adaptive experimentation.
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